In a sobering reflection on Nigeria’s persistent security challenges, a recent analysis reveals that 35 states allocated a staggering N214 billion to local security outfits, defense initiatives, arms, and equipment in their 2025 budgets. This substantial investment, aimed at curbing the relentless tide of violence plaguing the nation, underscores the gravity of the situation. However, despite these considerable financial commitments, the effectiveness of these measures remains questionable, as evidenced by the tragic loss of no fewer than 367 lives during Yuletide and Sallah celebrations between 2019 and 2025. The escalating insecurity, characterized by kidnappings, robberies, and communal clashes, continues to cast a long shadow over the country, highlighting the urgent need for more effective security strategies.
While the primary responsibility for safeguarding lives and property rests with the Federal Government, the escalating violence has compelled many state governors to establish internal security mechanisms. These initiatives, ranging from the establishment of state-sponsored security outfits to the procurement of arms and equipment, represent a significant effort to address the security gaps. However, the persistent attacks and the rising death toll indicate that these measures have not yet achieved the desired results. Criminals continue to operate with impunity, terrorizing communities and underscoring the need for a comprehensive reassessment of security strategies at both the state and federal levels. The recent wave of violence across various states, including Ondo, Benue, Nasarawa, and Edo, serves as a stark reminder of the pervasive nature of the security challenges and the urgent need for a more robust and coordinated response.
A detailed examination of the states’ budgetary allocations for security reveals a wide range of investments. Abia State allocated N554.58 million, while Adamawa earmarked a significantly larger sum of N3.82 billion. Akwa Ibom set aside N10.1 billion for arms and ammunition, while Edo allocated N849 million and Anambra N2.73 billion. These figures demonstrate the varying levels of financial commitment to security across the states. Some states, like Rivers, allocated substantial sums, with N39.82 billion dedicated to security equipment. Others, like Ekiti and Cross River, allocated smaller amounts, possibly relying more on federal support. This disparity in budgetary allocations raises questions about the overall effectiveness of the national security strategy and the need for a more equitable distribution of resources.
The devastating attacks during festive periods, targeting both Christian and Muslim communities, further highlight the vulnerability of citizens. The Christmas Eve attacks in Plateau State in 2023, which claimed over 150 lives, stand as a grim testament to the escalating violence. Subsequent attacks during Christmas celebrations in Benue and Rivers State, along with attacks on Muslim communities, such as the Ashura processions in 2019 and the killing of travelers returning from a Muslim festival in Jos in 2021, underscore the indiscriminate nature of the violence. These incidents not only highlight the urgent need for improved security measures but also emphasize the importance of interfaith dialogue and peaceful coexistence.
President Bola Tinubu’s remarks at a recent security conference shed light on the crucial role of local governments in addressing security challenges. He emphasized that well-governed states should be less reliant on federal agencies for their security. Furthermore, he highlighted the detrimental effect of the weakened local government system on national development and the ability to effectively combat security threats. This perspective underscores the importance of strengthening local governance structures and empowering local communities to play a more active role in ensuring their own security. Community policing and other localized initiatives, combined with adequate funding and resources, could potentially provide a more effective approach to tackling the country’s complex security landscape.
The substantial budgetary allocations by states, combined with the President’s emphasis on local government involvement, suggest a growing recognition of the need for a multi-pronged approach to tackling insecurity. However, the persistent violence and the tragic loss of life indicate that these efforts have yet to yield the desired results. A more comprehensive and coordinated strategy, involving all levels of government and incorporating community-based initiatives, is crucial to effectively address the root causes of the violence and ensure the safety and security of all citizens. This requires not only increased funding and resources but also a more focused approach to intelligence gathering, community engagement, and the prosecution of perpetrators. The ongoing challenges necessitate a continuous reassessment of existing strategies and a commitment to implementing more effective measures to protect lives and property.
