The National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA) has initiated a unified rapid assessment to evaluate the impact of the floods in Nigeria in 2024. This initiative is part of a collaboration that includes State Emergency Management Agencies (SEMAs) and various developmental partners across the country. Preliminary reports indicate that over 300 people have died, while approximately 1.2 million individuals have been affected in 33 states due to flooding. Particularly hard-hit is Kogi State, where numerous communities have been submerged, leading to the dislocation of tens of thousands of residents. The floods have proved devastating, producing significant humanitarian dilemmas, prompting responses from various levels of government and international stakeholders.
Further reports indicate the occurrence of flash floods in Dikwa, Borno State, following the collapse of the Alau Dam, which also contributed to flooding in Maiduguri. The floods in Maiduguri prompted a visit from President Bola Tinubu, reinforcing the government’s concern for its citizens during these crises. Fortunately, after nearly a week, residents of the metropolitan council began returning home as floodwaters began to recede. However, widespread destruction of agricultural land continues to be a major concern. The top five states most affected, namely Taraba, Kebbi, Niger, Sokoto, and Jigawa, face risks to food security due to the extensive flooding during the critical lean season when agricultural production is low.
As the floods progressed, areas in Lagos and Ogun states reported a significant increase in relocations due to rising water levels in regions such as Isheri, Arepo, Lafenwa, and Warewa, exacerbated by the discharge of water from the Oyan Dam. The agricultural sector faces severe challenges, with many farmers grappling with food insecurity at the height of the planting and harvesting season. Compounding these issues, outbreaks of cholera have been reported in states across the nation, linked to the spread of diseases following the flooding. In anticipation of further flooding, states along the Benue River system, including Adamawa, have issued warnings as the Lagdo Dam in Cameroon opened its gates.
Amidst these storm clouds, NEMA issued an official statement via its X handle (@nemanigeria) outlining the initiative to unify data across various entities for a comprehensive national report on the disaster’s effects. The Director-General of NEMA, Mrs. Zubaida Umar, outlined that the assessment will focus on key areas such as shelter, livelihoods, food security, water sanitation and hygiene, and access to education. Moreover, the emphasis on community input highlights progressive approaches to disaster recovery, reiterating the importance of local voices in rebuilding efforts.
In parliament, the urgency of the situation was echoed by the House of Representatives, which urged federal and state governments to adopt immediate flood control measures across 22 states, including the Federal Capital Territory. This action followed the adoption of a motion prompted by Oluwaseun Whingan, a member representing Badagry Federal Constituency. The motion referenced warnings from the National Flood Early Warning Systems Centre, explicitly cautioning that heavy rain could cause devastating floods, potentially displacing communities and damaging infrastructure. Legislators exhibited overwhelming support for the motion, reflecting the collective concern for vulnerable populations.
Measures called for in the motion included activation of evacuation protocols in at-risk communities, provision of temporary shelters, and ensuring access to medical and support services. The House also summoned relevant agencies, including the Federal Ministry of Environment, NEMA, and the Hydrological Services Agency, to present their strategies for mitigating the predicted disasters. Furthermore, the assembly directed related ministries to conduct immediate assessments to address drainage systems in flood-prone areas, enhance disaster preparedness capabilities, and ensure timely deployment of rescue teams and relief materials. This proactive legislative response showcases the critical role of governance and coordinated efforts in disaster management, underscoring the need for resilient infrastructure and community support systems to counter recurring floods in Nigeria.
